Kerman
Kerman , city (1991 pop. 311,643), capital of Kerman prov., E central Iran. It is noted for making and exporting carpets. Cotton textiles and goats-wool shawls are also manufactured. Kerman was under the Seljuk Turks in the 11th and 12th cent., but remained virtually independent, conquering Oman and Fars. Marco Polo visited (late 13th cent.) and described the city. Kerman changed hands many times in ensuing years, prospering under the Safavid dynasty (16th cent.) and suffering under the Afghans (17th cent.). In 1794 its greatest disaster occurred: Aga Muhammad Khan, shah of Persia, ravaged the city by selling 20,000 of its inhabitants into slavery and by blinding another 20,000. Reminders of historic Kerman include medieval mosques, the beautiful faience found among the extensive ruins outside the city walls, and 16th-century mosaics with Chinese motifs. Nearby is the shrine of Shah Vali Namatullah, a 15th-century Sufi holy man.
Kerman province, with an area of 186,422 sq. kms., is located in south-eastern Iran. It is bound on the north by the Khorasan and Yazd Provinces, on the south by the Hormuzgan Province and on the west by the Fars Province. The people of Kerman are active in the fields of industries, mines and agriculture.
The province ranks 14th in terms of land under cultivation, but ranks first in the country in fruit production. In 1994
- 1995, 4% of the entire area of the province was used for agricultural purposes. Rugs, blankets, cashmere, shawls, felt carpets and "jajeem" (coarse, woolen cloth with distinctive patterns) are the province's handicrafts. Kerman's carpets are highly popular, not only in Iran, but throughout the world.
The industries of metal, food, machinery and facilities respectively hold the highest industrial output in the province. Pistachios, dried fruit, car-pets, gelims Hand-made rugs), dates, fruit, vegetables, copper and decorative stones are the most important exportable goods from the province.
Kerman is as old as history. It is believed to have been founded as early as the 3rd century by Ardeshir I, founder of the Sassanian dynasty. Historical documents refer to Kerman as "Karmania," "Kermania" and "Zhermanya," which means bravery and combat. Geographers have recorded Kerman's ancient name as "Go'asheer" (Bardeseer). In the inscriptions of achamenian,Kerman was known as "Botiya".
Kerman has had very little peace in its history. From the 7th century, it has been ruled by Arabs, Buyids, the Seljuks, Turkmens and Mongols in turn until the Qajar dynasty, when it was a victim of the barbaric Aqa Mohammad Khan. Throughout its history, Kerman has been chosen as the capital by different kings, but it was Ganj Ali Khan (1005 to 1034 A.Il) during the Safavid era who brought about the city's prosperity. It was restored to security during the last century.
Kerman province has 10 townships, 28 districts, 24 cities and 141 rural districts. Baft, Sujan, Bardseer, Bam, Jiroft, Rafsanjan, Zarand, Shahr-e-Babak, Kerman and Kahnouj are Kerman's townships. The population of the province was 1,949,234 between 1994 and 1995. Almost 99% of the people speak Persian. Religious minorities use their own languages.
+ نوشته شده توسط در پنجشنبه چهارم مرداد 1386 و ساعت
0:4 |
